サーバー証明書作成用作業ディレクトリを作成します
[root@centos ~]# mkdir /etc/pki/tls/yasu
サーバー証明書作成用作業ディレクトリはrootユーザのみ読み書きできるように権限を変更します
[root@centos ~]# chmod 600 /etc/pki/tls/yasu

OpenSSLの設定ファイルを編集します
/etc/pki/tls直下にOpenSSLの設定ファイルがあるので、それを/etc/pki/tls/yasuにコピーします
[root@centos ~]# cp -p /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf /etc/pki/tls/yasu

/etc/pki/tls/yasuにコピーしたOpenSSLの設定ファイルをviエディタで開き、以下の箇所を編集します
[root@centos ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/yasu
[root@centos yasu]# vi openssl.cnf
■修正前
[37～39行目]
dir = ./demoCA # Where everything is kept
certs = $dir/certs # Where the issued certs are kept
crl_dir = $dir/crl # Where the issued crl are kept
[43行目]
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts # default place for new certs.
[50～51行目]
private_key = $dir/private/cakey.pem# The private key
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand # private random number file

■修正後
[37～39行目]
dir = . # Where everything is kept
certs = $dir # Where the issued certs are kept
crl_dir = $dir # Where the issued crl are kept
[43行目]
new_certs_dir = $dir # default place for new certs.
[50～51行目]
private_key = $dir/cakey.pem# The private key
RANDFILE = $dir/.rand # private random number file

/etc/pki/tls/yasu に中身が空っぽのテキストファイル index.txt と01と書いた serial ファイルを作成します
[root@centos yasu]# touch index.txt
[root@centos yasu]# echo 01 > serial

[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 28
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial

[root@centos yasu]# openssl genrsa -out ./cakey.pem -des3 1024
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
………………++++++
……………………………………………++++++
e is 65537 (0×10001)
Enter pass phrase for ./cakey.pem:任意のパスフレーズを入力
Verifying – Enter pass phrase for ./cakey.pem:もう一度任意のパスフレーズを入力

[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 36
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 963 3月 17 15:28 cakey.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial

これで/etc/pki/tls/yasu ディレクトリにはcakey.pemというファイルが作成されましたね。
これが認証局の秘密鍵になります。

[root@centos yasu]# openssl req -new -x509 -days 3650 -config ./openssl.cnf -key ./cakey.pem -out ./cacert.pem
Enter pass phrase for ./cakey.pem:「２．認証局の秘密鍵作成」で指定したパスフレーズを応答
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:JP
State or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:chiba
Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:urayasu
Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:sa-sa-ki.jp
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:何も入力しないで[Enter]キーを押下
Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname) []:www.sa-sa-ki.jp
Email Address []:何も入力しないで[Enter]キーを押下

[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 44
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1164 3月 17 15:33 cacert.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 963 3月 17 15:28 cakey.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial

cacert.pem というファイルが作成されました。

[root@centos yasu]# openssl x509 -days 3650 -inform pem -outform der -in ./cacert.pem -out ./ca.der
[
[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 52
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 818 3月 17 15:36 ca.der
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1164 3月 17 15:33 cacert.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 963 3月 17 15:28 cakey.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial

ca.der というファイルが作成されました。
「１３．SSLの動作確認および認証局の証明書インポート」で使うのでそれまで大切に保管してください。

[root@centos yasu]# openssl genrsa -out ./server.key -des3 1024
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
….++++++
…..++++++
e is 65537 (0×10001)
Enter pass phrase for ./server.key:任意のパスフレーズを入力
Verifying – Enter pass phrase for ./server.key:もう一度任意のパスフレーズを入力

WebサーバーにSSLでアクセスした時に毎回パスフレーズを聞かれないようにサーバー秘密鍵のパスフレーズを削除します。
[root@centos yasu]# openssl rsa -in ./server.key -out ./server.key
Enter pass phrase for server.key:上記パスフレーズを応答
writing RSA key

[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 60
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 818 3月 17 15:36 ca.der
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1164 3月 17 15:33 cacert.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 963 3月 17 15:28 cakey.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 887 3月 17 15:38 server.key

server.key というファイルが作成されました。

[root@centos yasu]# openssl req -new -days 3650 -config ./openssl.cnf -key ./server.key -out ./server.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:JP
State or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:chiba
Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:urayasu
Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:sa-sa-ki.jp
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:何も入力しないで[Enter]キーを押下
Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname) []:www.sa-sa-ki.jp
Email Address []:何も入力しないで[Enter]キーを押下

Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:何も入力しないで[Enter]キーを押下
An optional company name []:何も入力しないで[Enter]キーを押下

[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 68
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 773 3月 17 16:49 ca.der
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1103 3月 17 16:48 cacert.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 963 3月 17 16:48 cakey.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 639 3月 17 16:49 server.csr
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 891 3月 17 16:46 server.key

server.csr というファイルが作成されました。

[root@centos yasu]# openssl ca -config ./openssl.cnf -days 3650 -in ./server.csr -keyfile ./cakey.pem -cert ./cacert.pem -out ./server.cer
Using configuration from ./openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for ./cakey.pem:「２．認証局の秘密鍵作成」で指定したパスフレーズを応答
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 1 (0×1)
Validity
Not Before: Mar 17 07:50:57 2009 GMT
Not After : Mar 15 07:50:57 2019 GMT
Subject:
countryName = JP
stateOrProvinceName = chiba
organizationName = sa-sa-ki.jp
commonName = www.sa-sa-ki.jp
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
F9:35:8B:89:22:16:B6:C8:F5:7E:C9:CB:28:DE:FF:0B:F9:7D:54:77
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:FE:40:F5:F1:60:78:3F:F4:BF:63:2B:FE:DE:CE:D9:32:5B:44:05:52

Certificate is to be certified until Mar 15 07:50:57 2019 GMT (3650 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 108
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3050 3月 17 16:51 01.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 773 3月 17 16:49 ca.der
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1103 3月 17 16:48 cacert.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 963 3月 17 16:48 cakey.pem
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 76 3月 17 16:51 index.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 21 3月 17 16:51 index.txt.attr
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt.old
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 16:51 serial
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial.old
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3050 3月 17 16:51 server.cer
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 639 3月 17 16:49 server.csr
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 891 3月 17 16:46 server.key

server.cer というファイルが作成されました。

各ファイルをrootユーザ読み取り専用に権限を変更します。
[root@centos yasu]# chmod 400 *
[root@centos yasu]# ls -l
合計 108
-r——– 1 root root 3050 3月 17 16:51 01.pem
-r——– 1 root root 773 3月 17 16:49 ca.der
-r——– 1 root root 1103 3月 17 16:48 cacert.pem
-r——– 1 root root 963 3月 17 16:48 cakey.pem
-r——– 1 root root 76 3月 17 16:51 index.txt
-r——– 1 root root 21 3月 17 16:51 index.txt.attr
-r——– 1 root root 0 3月 17 11:31 index.txt.old
-r——– 1 root root 9534 3月 17 11:30 openssl.cnf
-r——– 1 root root 3 3月 17 16:51 serial
-r——– 1 root root 3 3月 17 11:31 serial.old
-r——– 1 root root 3050 3月 17 16:51 server.cer
-r——– 1 root root 639 3月 17 16:49 server.csr
-r——– 1 root root 891 3月 17 16:46 server.key

[root@centos yasu]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf
viエディタが起動するので設定ファイルを変更します。
#
# This is the Apache server configuration file providing SSL support.
# It contains the configuration directives to instruct the server how to
# serve pages over an https connection. For detailing information about these
# directives see
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do. They’re here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

#
# When we also provide SSL we have to listen to the
# the HTTPS port in addition.
#
Listen 443

##
## SSL Global Context
##
## All SSL configuration in this context applies both to
## the main server and all SSL-enabled virtual hosts.
##

#
# Some MIME-types for downloading Certificates and CRLs
#
AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt
AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl

# Pass Phrase Dialog:
# Configure the pass phrase gathering process.
# The filtering dialog program (`builtin’ is a internal
# terminal dialog) has to provide the pass phrase on stdout.
SSLPassPhraseDialog builtin

# Inter-Process Session Cache:
# Configure the SSL Session Cache: First the mechanism
# to use and second the expiring timeout (in seconds).
#SSLSessionCache dc:UNIX:/var/cache/mod_ssl/distcache
SSLSessionCache shmcb:/var/cache/mod_ssl/scache(512000)
SSLSessionCacheTimeout 300

# Semaphore:
# Configure the path to the mutual exclusion semaphore the
# SSL engine uses internally for inter-process synchronization.
SSLMutex default

# Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG):
# Configure one or more sources to seed the PRNG of the
# SSL library. The seed data should be of good random quality.
# WARNING! On some platforms /dev/random blocks if not enough entropy
# is available. This means you then cannot use the /dev/random device
# because it would lead to very long connection times (as long as
# it requires to make more entropy available). But usually those
# platforms additionally provide a /dev/urandom device which doesn’t
# block. So, if available, use this one instead. Read the mod_ssl User
# Manual for more details.
SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/urandom 256
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
#SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/random 512
#SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/random 512
#SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/urandom 512

#
# Use “SSLCryptoDevice” to enable any supported hardware
# accelerators. Use “openssl engine -v” to list supported
# engine names. NOTE: If you enable an accelerator and the
# server does not start, consult the error logs and ensure
# your accelerator is functioning properly.
#
SSLCryptoDevice builtin
#SSLCryptoDevice ubsec

##
## SSL Virtual Host Context
##

# General setup for the virtual host, inherited from global configuration
先頭の#を外してコメントを解除します
DocumentRoot “/var/www/html”
先頭の#を外してコメントを解除し、サーバー名を修正します
ServerName www.sa-sa-ki.jp:443

# Use separate log files for the SSL virtual host; note that LogLevel
# is not inherited from httpd.conf.
ErrorLog logs/ssl_error_log
TransferLogのファイル名をssl_access_logからssl_transfer_logに変更します
TransferLog logs/ssl_transfer_log
LogLevel warn

ログファイルのフォーマットを定義します
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
#
LogFormat “%h %l %u %t \”%r\” %>s %b \”%{Referer}i\” \”%{User-Agent}i\”" combined
LogFormat “%h %l %u %t \”%r\” %>s %b” common
LogFormat “%{Referer}i -> %U” referer
LogFormat “%{User-agent}i” agent

#
# For a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information
# (Combined Logfile Format), use the following directive:
#
CustomLog logs/ssl_access_log combined

# SSL Engine Switch:
# Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host.
SSLEngine on

# SSL Protocol support:
# List the enable protocol levels with which clients will be able to
# connect. Disable SSLv2 access by default:
SSLProtocol all -SSLv2

# SSL Cipher Suite:
# List the ciphers that the client is permitted to negotiate.
# See the mod_ssl documentation for a complete list.
SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT:!SSLv2:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW

# Server Certificate:
# Point SSLCertificateFile at a PEM encoded certificate. If
# the certificate is encrypted, then you will be prompted for a
# pass phrase. Note that a kill -HUP will prompt again. A new
# certificate can be generated using the genkey(1) command.
先頭に#をつけてコメント化します
#SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt
追加します
SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/server.cer

# Server Private Key:
# If the key is not combined with the certificate, use this
# directive to point at the key file. Keep in mind that if
# you’ve both a RSA and a DSA private key you can configure
# both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA ciphers, etc.)
先頭に#をつけてコメント化します
#SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key
追加します
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/server.key

# Server Certificate Chain:
# Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the
# concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the
# certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively
# the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile
# when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server
# certificate for convinience.
#SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/server-chain.crt

# Certificate Authority (CA):
# Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA
# certificates for client authentication or alternatively one
# huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded)
#SSLCACertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

# Client Authentication (Type):
# Client certificate verification type and depth. Types are
# none, optional, require and optional_no_ca. Depth is a
# number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate
# issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid.
#SSLVerifyClient require
#SSLVerifyDepth 10

# Access Control:
# With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based
# on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server
# variable checks and other lookup directives. The syntax is a
# mixture between C and Perl. See the mod_ssl documentation
# for more details.
#
#SSLRequire ( %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \
# and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq “Snake Oil, Ltd.” \
# and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {”Staff”, “CA”, “Dev”} \
# and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} < = 5 \
# and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} < = 20 ) \
# or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/
#

# SSL Engine Options:
# Set various options for the SSL engine.
# o FakeBasicAuth:
# Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation. This means that
# the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control. The
# user name is the `one line’ version of the client’s X.509 certificate.
# Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user
# file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA’.
# o ExportCertData:
# This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and
# SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the
# server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client
# authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates
# into CGI scripts.
# o StdEnvVars:
# This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*’ environment variables.
# Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons,
# because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually
# useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the
# exportation for CGI and SSI requests only.
# o StrictRequire:
# This denies access when “SSLRequireSSL” or “SSLRequire” applied even
# under a “Satisfy any” situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied
# and no other module can change it.
# o OptRenegotiate:
# This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL
# directives are used in per-directory context.
#SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire

SSLOptions +StdEnvVars


SSLOptions +StdEnvVars

# SSL Protocol Adjustments:
# The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown
# approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn’t wait for
# the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown
# approach you can use one of the following variables:
# o ssl-unclean-shutdown:
# This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no
# SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received. This violates
# the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use
# this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where
# mod_ssl sends the close notify alert.
# o ssl-accurate-shutdown:
# This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a
# SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify
# alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in
# practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use
# this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation
# works correctly.
# Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP
# keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable
# keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable “nokeepalive” for this.
# Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround
# their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables “downgrade-1.0″ and
# “force-response-1.0″ for this.
SetEnvIf User-Agent “.*MSIE.*” \
nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0

# Per-Server Logging:
# The home of a custom SSL log file. Use this when you want a
# compact non-error SSL logfile on a virtual host basis.
CustomLog logs/ssl_request_log \
“%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \”%r\” %b”

内容を保存しviエディタを終了します

[root@centos yasu]# cp -p server.cer /etc/pki/tls/certs/
[root@centos yasu]# cp -p server.key /etc/pki/tls/private/
[root@centos yasu]# ls -l /etc/pki/tls/certs/ /etc/pki/tls/private/
/etc/pki/tls/certs/:
合計 472
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2240 1月 9 08:40 Makefile
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 441017 1月 9 08:40 ca-bundle.crt
-rw——- 1 root root 1444 2月 3 23:11 localhost.crt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 610 1月 9 08:40 make-dummy-cert
-r——– 1 root root 3050 3月 17 16:51 server.cer

/etc/pki/tls/private/:
合計 16
-rw——- 1 root root 891 2月 3 23:11 localhost.key
-r——– 1 root root 891 3月 17 16:46 server.key

[root@centos yasu]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
viエディタが起動するので設定ファイルを変更します。
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT – [0:0]
-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp –icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp –dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp –dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp –dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
下記1行を追加してTCPの443番ポート(https)を開放します
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT –reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

内容を保存しviエディタを終了します

設定内容を反映します
[root@centos ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables restart
ファイアウォールルールを適用中: [ OK ]
チェインポリシーを ACCEPT に設定中filter [ OK ]
iptables モジュールを取り外し中 [ OK ]
iptables ファイアウォールルールを適用中: [ OK ]
iptables モジュールを読み込み中ip_conntrack_netbios_ns [ OK ]

Apacheを再起動してSSLの設定を反映させます
[root@centos yasu]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart
httpd を停止中: [ OK ]
httpd を起動中: [ OK ]

MySQLの設定ファイル変更
[root@centos ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
viエディタが起動するので設定ファイルを変更します。
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).
old_passwords=1
MySQLの文字コードをUTF-8に変更します
default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

MySQLクライアントの文字コードをUTF-8に変更します
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8

内容を保存しviエディタを終了します

MySQLを起動します
[root@centos ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
MySQL データベースを初期化中: Installing MySQL system tables…
OK
Filling help tables…
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h centos.sa-sa-ki.jp password ‘new-password’
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
[ OK ]
MySQL を起動中: [ OK ]

OS再起動時にMySQLを自動起動するようにします
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig –list | grep mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

MySQLサーバーへrootユーザでログインします
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: x.x.xx Source distribution

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

MySQLのユーザ、パスワードを確認
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+——+——————–+———-+
| user | host | password |
+——+——————–+———-+
| root | localhost | |
| root | centos.sa-sa-ki.jp | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
+——+——————–+———-+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQLに接続する時のホスト名がlocalhost、centos.sa-sa-ki.jp、127.0.0.1でユーザ名がrootのパスワードが未登録な事が確認できます。
これら全てにパスワードを設定していきます。

ホスト名がlocalhostのrootユーザにパスワード設定します
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password(’rootパスワード’);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

ホスト名がcentos.sa-sa-ki.jpのrootユーザにパスワード設定します
mysql> set password for root@”centos.sa-sa-ki.jp”=password(’rootパスワード’);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

ホスト名が127.0.0.1のrootユーザにパスワード設定します
mysql> set password for root@127.0.0.1=password(’rootパスワード’);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MySQLのユーザ、パスワードを再確認します
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+——+——————–+——————+
| user | host | password |
+——+——————–+——————+
| root | localhost | ++++++++++++++++ |
| root | centos.sa-sa-ki.jp | ++++++++++++++++ |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | ++++++++++++++++ |
+——+——————–+——————+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQLに接続する時のホスト名がlocalhost、centos.sa-sa-ki.jp、127.0.0.1でユーザ名がrootのパスワードが設定された事が確認できました。

MySQLからログアウトします。
mysql> exit
Bye

ホスト名がlocalhostのrootユーザでパスワードなしでログイン施行
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -h localhost
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root’@'localhost’ (using password: NO)
ホスト名がlocalhostのrootユーザでパスワードなしでMySQLサーバーへログインできないことが確認できました。
同様にホスト名centos.sa-sa-ki.jpや127.0.0.1の場合も試してみます。

ホスト名がcentos.sa-sa-ki.jpのrootユーザでパスワードなしでログイン施行
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -h ‘centos.sa-sa-ki.jp’
ERROR 1130 (00000): Host ’sa-sa-ki.jp’ is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server

ホスト名が127.0.0.1のrootユーザでパスワードなしでログイン施行
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root’@'localhost’ (using password: NO)

ホスト名がlocalhostのrootユーザでパスワードありでログイン施行
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -h localhost -p
Enter password: 設定したrootユーザのパスワードを入力
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 21
Server version: x.x.xx Source distribution

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

接続できたのでログアウトします。
mysql> exit
Bye

同様にホスト名centos.sa-sa-ki.jpや127.0.0.1の場合も試してみます。
ホスト名がcentos.sa-sa-ki.jpのrootユーザでパスワードありでログイン施行
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -h ‘centos.sa-sa-ki.jp’ -p
Enter password: 設定したrootユーザのパスワードを入力
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: x.x.xx Source distribution

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

接続できたのでログアウトします。
mysql> exit
Bye

ホスト名が127.0.0.1のrootユーザでパスワードありでログイン施行
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -p
Enter password: 設定したrootユーザのパスワードを入力
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 23
Server version: x.x.xx Source distribution

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

接続できたのでログアウトします。
mysql> exit
Bye

MySQLへrootでログインします
[root@centos ~]# mysql -u root -h localhost -p
Enter password: 設定したrootユーザのパスワードを入力
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 24
Server version: x.x.xx Source distribution

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

登録データベースを確認します
mysql> show databases;
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+——————–+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

testデータベースを削除します
mysql> drop database test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

再度登録データベースを確認します
mysql> show databases;
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
+——————–+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

testデータベースが削除されている事が確認できました

mysql> exit
Bye

ログイン後、rootユーザにスイッチします
[centos@centos ~]$ su -
パスワード: rootユーザーのパスワード

Apache、PHP、MySQLをインストールします
[root@centos ~]# yum -y install httpd php php-mbstring mod_ssl mysql-server php-mysql
Loading “priorities” plugin
Loading “fastestmirror” plugin
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.iij.ad.jp
* updates: ftp.iij.ad.jp
* addons: ftp.iij.ad.jp
* extras: ftp.iij.ad.jp
0 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Setting up Install Process
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package php-mbstring.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x set to be updated
–> Processing Dependency: php-common = x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x for package: php-mbstring
—> Package mysql-server.i386 0:x.x.xx-x.xxx set to be updated
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.15(libmysqlclient_15) for package: mysql-server
–> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server
–> Processing Dependency: perl
-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server
–> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.15(libmysqlclient_15) for package: mysql-server
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.15 for package: mysql-server
–> Processing Dependency: mysql = x.x.xx-x.xxx for package: mysql-server
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.15 for package: mysql-server
—> Package httpd.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.centos.4 set to be updated
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 2.8 MB 00:00
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 2.7 MB 00:00
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 133 kB 00:00
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 150 B 00:00
—> Package php-mysql.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x set to be updated
–> Processing Dependency: php-pdo for package: php-mysql
—> Package php.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x set to be updated
–> Processing Dependency: php-cli = x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x for package: php
—> Package mod_ssl.i386 1:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.centos.4 set to be updated
–> Processing Dependency: libdistcache.so.1 for package: mod_ssl
–> Processing Dependency: libnal.so.1 for package: mod_ssl
–> Running transaction check
—> Package distcache.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.x set to be updated
—> Package php-cli.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x set to be updated
—> Package perl-DBI.i386 0:x.xx-x.xxx set to be updated
—> Package php-pdo.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x set to be updated
—> Package php-common.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x set to be updated
—> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:x.xxxx-x.xxx set to be updated
—> Package mysql.i386 0:x.x.xx-x.xxx set to be updated
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
mod_ssl i386 1:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.centos.4 updates 85 k
mysql-server i386 x.x.xx-x.xxx base 9.7 M
php i386 x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x updates 1.1 M
php-mbstring i386 x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x updates 969 k
php-mysql i386 x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x updates 84 k
Installing for dependencies:
distcache i386 x.x.x-xx.x base 119 k
httpd i386 x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.centos.4 updates 1.1 M
mysql i386 x.x.xx-x.xxx base 4.1 M
perl-DBD-MySQL i386 x.xxxx-x.xxx base 147 k
perl-DBI i386 x.xx-x.xxx base 605 k
php-cli i386 x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x updates 2.1 M
php-common i386 x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x updates 154 k
php-pdo i386 x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x updates 62 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 13 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)

Total download size: 20 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/13): mod_ssl-x.x.x-xx. 100% |=========================| 85 kB 00:00
(2/13): php-x.x.x-xx.xxx_ 100% |=========================| 1.1 MB 00:00
(3/13): mysql-x.x.xx-x.xx 100% |=========================| 4.1 MB 00:00
(4/13): php-mysql-x.x.x-x 100% |=========================| 84 kB 00:00
(5/13): perl-DBD-MySQL-x. 100% |=========================| 147 kB 00:00
(6/13): httpd-x.x.x-xx.xx 100% |=========================| 1.1 MB 00:00
(7/13): mysql-server-x.x. 100% |=========================| 9.7 MB 00:02
(8/13): php-common-x.x.x- 100% |=========================| 154 kB 00:00
(9/13): php-mbstring-x.x. 100% |=========================| 969 kB 00:00
(10/13): php-pdo-x.x.x-xx 100% |=========================| 62 kB 00:00
(11/13): perl-DBI-x.xx-x. 100% |=========================| 605 kB 00:00
(12/13): php-cli-x.x.x-xx 100% |=========================| 2.1 MB 00:00
(13/13): distcache-x.x.x- 100% |=========================| 119 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing: php-common ####################### [ 1/13]
Installing: perl-DBI ####################### [ 2/13]
Installing: mysql ####################### [ 3/13]
Installing: httpd ####################### [ 4/13]
Installing: perl-DBD-MySQL ####################### [ 5/13]
Installing: php-cli ####################### [ 6/13]
Installing: php-pdo ####################### [ 7/13]
Installing: distcache ####################### [ 8/13]
Installing: php-mbstring ####################### [ 9/13]
Installing: mysql-server ####################### [10/13]
Installing: php-mysql ####################### [11/13]
Installing: php ####################### [12/13]
Installing: mod_ssl ####################### [13/13]

Installed: mod_ssl.i386 1:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.centos.4 mysql-server.i386 0:x.x.xx-x.xxx php.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x php-mbstring.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x php-mysql.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x
Dependency Installed: distcache.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.x httpd.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.centos.4 mysql.i386 0:x.x.xx-x.xxx perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:x.xxxx-x.xxx perl-DBI.i386 0:x.xx-x.xxx php-cli.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x php-common.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x php-pdo.i386 0:x.x.x-xx.xxx_x.x
Complete!

Apacheの設定ファイル変更
[root@centos ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
viエディタが起動するので設定ファイルを変更します。
設定ファイルが大きいので設定箇所のみピックアップしています。
#
# Don’t give away too much information about all the subcomponents
# we are running. Comment out this line if you don’t mind remote sites
# finding out what major optional modules you are running
HTTPヘッダーやエラーページにApacheのバージョンやOSの情報が表示されないようにOS から Prod に変更
ServerTokens Prod

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
管理者メールアドレスを変更します
ServerAdmin centos@sa-sa-ki.jp

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If this is not set to valid DNS name for your host, server-generated
# redirections will not work. See also the UseCanonicalName directive.
#
# If your host doesn’t have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
# You will have to access it by its address anyway, and this will make
# redirections work in a sensible way.
#
先頭の#を取ってコメントを解除し、サーバー名を変更します
ServerName www.sa-sa-ki.jp:80

#
# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
# directory (and its subdirectories).
#
# First, we configure the “default” to be a very restrictive set of
# features.
#
<Directory />
　　FollowSymLinksからNoneに変更してオプションを無効にします
　　Options None
　　AllowOverride None
　　全てのアクセスを拒否します
　　Order deny,allow
　　Deny from all
</Directory>

<Directory “/var/www/html”>

#
# Possible values for the Options directive are “None”, “All”,
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that “MultiViews” must be named *explicitly* — “Options All”
# doesn’t give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
　　IndexesからExecCGIに変更してCGIスクリプトの実行を許可しドキュメントルートのファイル一覧を表示しないようにします
　　Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks

#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be “All”, “None”, or any combination of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
　　NoneからAllに変更してファイルアクセス(.htaccess)の使用可能な指示子を全て許可にします
　　AllowOverride All

#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Order allow,deny
Allow from all

</Directory>

#
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to “handlers”:
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
# or added with the Action directive (see below)
#
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
# (You will also need to add “ExecCGI” to the “Options” directive.)
#
CGIスクリプトに拡張子.plを追加します
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl

#
# Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host
# name to server-generated pages (internal error documents, FTP directory
# listings, mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated
# documents or custom error documents).
# Set to “EMail” to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.
# Set to one of: On | Off | EMail
#
エラーページにApacheのバージョンを表示しないようにOn から Off に変更
ServerSignature Off

#
# Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is
# Alias fakename realname
#
# Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will
# require it to be present in the URL. So “/icons” isn’t aliased in this
# example, only “/icons/”. If the fakename is slash-terminated, then the
# realname must also be slash terminated, and if the fakename omits the
# trailing slash, the realname must also omit it.
#
# We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings. If you
# do not use FancyIndexing, you may comment this out.
#
Alias /icons/ “/var/www/icons/”

<Directory “/var/www/icons”>

Options Indexesを削除してiconsディレクトリのファイル一覧を表示しないようにします
Options MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

内容を保存しviエディタを終了します

ドキュメントルートの権限変更
[root@centos ~]# chown -R apache.apache /var/www
[root@centos ~]# ls -l /var/www
合計 32
drwxr-xr-x 2 apache apache 4096 11月 13 00:44 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 apache apache 4096 2月 3 23:11 error
drwxr-xr-x 6 apache apache 4096 3月 19 09:58 html
drwxr-xr-x 3 apache apache 4096 2月 3 23:11 icons

所有ユーザとグループがapacheになっている事を確認します

PHPの設定ファイル変更
[root@centos ~]# vi /etc/php.ini
viエディタが起動するので設定ファイルを変更します。
設定ファイルが大きいので設定箇所のみピックアップしています。
;
; Misc
;
; Decides whether PHP may expose the fact that it is installed on the server
; (e.g. by adding its signature to the Web server header). It is no security
; threat in any way, but it makes it possible to determine whether you use PHP
; on your server or not.
HTTPヘッダーにPHPのバージョンを表示しないようにOn から Off に変更
expose_php = Off

内容を保存しviエディタを終了します

[root@centos ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
viエディタが起動するので設定ファイルを変更します。
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT – [0:0]
-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp –icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp –dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp –dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp –dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
下記1行を追加してTCPの80番ポート(http)を開放します
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT –reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

内容を保存しviエディタを終了します

設定内容を反映します
[root@centos ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables restart
ファイアウォールルールを適用中: [ OK ]
チェインポリシーを ACCEPT に設定中filter [ OK ]
iptables モジュールを取り外し中 [ OK ]
iptables ファイアウォールルールを適用中: [ OK ]
iptables モジュールを読み込み中ip_conntrack_netbios_ns [ OK ]

Apacheを起動します
[root@centos ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd start
httpd を起動中: [ OK ]

OS再起動時にApacheを自動起動するようにします
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@centos ~]# chkconfig –list | grep httpd
httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

テスト用PHPページを作成します
[root@centos ~]# vi /var/www/html/test.php
viエディタが起動するので入力します。
<?php
　　phpinfo();
?>

内容を保存しviエディタを終了します

telnetコマンドでhttpヘッダーの内容を確認します
[root@centos ~]# telnet www.sa-sa-ki.jp 80
Trying 192.168.0.20…
Connected to www.sa-sa-ki.jp (192.168.0.20).
Escape character is ‘^]’.
HEAD /index.html HTTP/1.0
もう一度[Enter]キーを押下してください

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 27 Mar 2009 02:20:01 GMT
Apacheのバージョンが表示されていない
Server: Apache
X-Powered-By: PHP/x.x.xも表示されていない
X-Pingback: http://www.sa-sa-ki.jp/blog/xmlrpc.php
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Connection closed by foreign host.

rootユーザにスイッチします。スイッチできない場合は以前ご紹介したflashcast：フリーで働くITエンジニア集団のブログ: ubuntu 8.10 でrootユーザを使うにはを参照してやり方を確認してください。
ubuntu@ubuntu: ~$ su -
パスワード：rootユーザのパスワード

ダウンロードしたxampp-linux-1.7.tar.gzを解凍しつつ/optディレクトリへ展開します
root@ubuntu: ~# tar xzvf /home/ubuntu/Desktop/xampp-linux-1.7.tar.gz -C /opt

これで/opt/xamppディレクトリにXAMPPがインストールされました。最後にXAMPPのサービスを起動します
root@ubuntu: ~# /opt/lampp/lampp start
Starting XAMPP for Linux 1.7…
XAMPP: Starting Apache with SSL (and PHP5)…
XAMPP: Starting MySQL…
XAMPP: Starting ProFTPD…
XAMPP for Linux started.

root@ubuntu: ~# vi /etc/rc.local
viエディタが起動しますので、以下の１行 exit 0 より上の行に追加します。
#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will “exit 0″ on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
/opt/lampp/lampp start

exit 0

保存してviエディタを終了します。

　$ perl –version

　This is perl, v5.10.0 built for i486-linux-gnu-thread-multi

　Copyright 1987-2007, Larry Wall

　Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
　GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

　Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
　this system using “man perl” or “perldoc perl”. If you have access to the
　Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

　$ python -V
　Python 2.5.2

　$ su -
　パスワード: rootユーザのパスワード
　# cd /var/www
　# vi testphp.php
　viエディタが開きますので、[i]キーを一度押してテキスト入力モードにして
　phpinfo関数を実行するよう記載してください。
　実際にはこんな感じ。
　

　これだけ入力したら[Esc]キーを押し、その後[:]キー[w]キー[q]キーを順番に押して[Enter]キーを押します。　
　念のためApacheのサービスを再起動します。
　# /etc/init.d/apache2 reload
　　* Reloading web server config apache2
　apache2: Could not reliably determine the server’s fully qualified domain name,
　using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]

　$ mysql -u root -p
　Enter password: MySQLインストール中に設定したrootユーザのパスワード(ubuntuのrootユーザではありません)
　Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
　Your MySQL connection id is 7
　Server version: 5.0.67-0ubuntu6 (Ubuntu)

　Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

　mysql> \q
　Bye